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Biomarkers

Most accurate way to assess and track your current health

Rely on scientific evidence and data for all assessments. So it's essential to measure the right things. In the following I will list the most important biomarkers for health, but for longevity specifically, certain biomarkers are particularly crucial due to their impact on aging, metabolic health, cardiovascular risk, inflammation, and cellular repair. Below is a detailed list of the most important longevity biomarkers, explaining their significance in the context of aging and healthspan.

Metabolic and Hormonal Health​

Vitamin D, 25-OH​

  • Importance for Longevity: Low levels are associated with higher mortality, increased risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases, and weakened immune function. Vitamin D is also involved in modulating inflammation and cellular aging.
  • Optimal Range: 40–60 ng/mL for longevity benefits.

Vitamin B12​

  • Importance for Longevity: Essential for neurological function, cognitive health, and red blood cell formation. Deficiencies are linked to cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.
  • Optimal Range: 400–900 pg/mL (higher end supports cognitive longevity).

DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate)​

  • Importance for Longevity: Precursor to sex hormones; levels decline with age. Associated with stress resilience, immune function, and longevity.
  • Optimal Range: Depends on age, but higher levels in the normal range are linked to better aging outcomes.

Testosterone (Free & Total, Albumin, SHBG)​

  • Importance for Longevity: Essential for maintaining muscle mass, bone density, energy levels, and metabolic health. Low levels contribute to frailty and reduced lifespan.
  • Optimal Range: Higher within the normal range for age group; excess can be detrimental.

Human IGF-1 (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1)​

  • Importance for Longevity: Regulates growth and metabolism. Both high and low levels are linked to aging-related diseases. Low IGF-1 is associated with extended lifespan in some populations, but too low can impair muscle maintenance.
  • Optimal Range: Moderate levels (not excessively high, which can promote cancer growth).

Free T3 & TSH (Thyroid Function)​

  • Importance for Longevity: Low thyroid function (hypothyroidism) is linked to reduced energy and metabolic slowdown. However, very high thyroid function (hyperthyroidism) is associated with accelerated aging.
  • Optimal Range: Mid-range TSH (1.0–2.5 μIU/mL), free T3 in normal range but not excessive.

Cardiovascular and Inflammatory Health​

hs-CRP (High-sensitivity C-reactive protein)​

  • Importance for Longevity: Chronic inflammation is a key driver of aging. High CRP is linked to heart disease, diabetes, and neurodegeneration.
  • Optimal Range: < 1.0 mg/L for longevity; lower is better.

Homocysteine​

  • Importance for Longevity: Elevated levels are associated with cardiovascular disease, dementia, and stroke. Homocysteine is a marker of methylation efficiency, which affects DNA repair and aging.
  • Optimal Range: < 10 μmol/L.

Lp(a) (Lipoprotein(a))​

  • Importance for Longevity: A genetically influenced cardiovascular risk marker. Elevated Lp(a) significantly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.
  • Optimal Range: < 30 mg/dL, but lower is better.

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)​

  • Importance for Longevity: A marker of long-term blood sugar control. Elevated levels correlate with an increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration.
  • Optimal Range: 4.8–5.2% for longevity.

Magnesium RBC​

  • Importance for Longevity: Magnesium is crucial for over 300 biochemical processes, including energy production, DNA repair, and muscle/nerve function.
  • Optimal Range: 5.0–7.0 mg/dL.
  • Comprehensive Biomarkers (for Organ and Immune Function)

CBC w/ Differential and Platelets​

  • Importance for Longevity: Provides insight into immune health, inflammation, and potential underlying diseases. White blood cell (WBC) count is an indirect longevity marker—higher WBC is linked to increased mortality.
  • Optimal Range: WBC around 4.0–6.0 x10⁹/L is considered ideal for longevity.

Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP)​

  • Importance for Longevity: Assesses liver, kidney function, and electrolyte balance. Elevated blood glucose, ALT (liver enzyme), or creatinine (kidney function) can indicate metabolic or organ dysfunction, which impacts lifespan.
  • Less Directly Relevant to Longevity (but Still Important for Health)

Less Directly Relevant to Longevity (but Still Important for Health)​

Estradiol (E2)​

  • Key Role: Important for reproductive health and bone density. In men, very low estradiol can be detrimental to cardiovascular health.
  • Longevity Relevance: Moderate levels are protective but not as crucial as inflammation or metabolic markers.

FSH​

(Follicle-Stimulating Hormone) & LH (Luteinizing Hormone)

  • Key Role: Regulate reproductive function.
  • Longevity Relevance: More relevant for fertility and reproductive health than direct longevity.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)​

  • Key Role: Potent androgen hormone linked to male pattern baldness and prostate health.
  • Longevity Relevance: Elevated levels are associated with prostate issues, but not a primary longevity marker.

T4 – Thyroxine​

  • Key Role: Regulates metabolism.
  • Longevity Relevance: More useful in diagnosing thyroid disorders than longevity tracking.
  • Additional Key Longevity Biomarkers (Not in Your List but Important)

Additional Key Longevity Biomarkers (Not in Your List but Important)​

Apolipoprotein B (ApoB)​

  • Better predictor of heart disease than LDL cholesterol.
  • Optimal Range: < 80 mg/dL.

Fasting Insulin​

  • Elevated insulin levels are a marker of insulin resistance and accelerated aging.
  • Optimal Range: < 5 μU/mL.

Uric Acid​

  • High levels are associated with metabolic syndrome and inflammation.
  • Optimal Range: 3–5 mg/dL.

GlycA – A marker of systemic inflammation linked to chronic disease.​

  • Optimal Range: Lower is better.

Telomere Length (Optional Test)​

A direct measure of cellular aging. Shorter telomeres are linked to reduced lifespan.

More to come​

I will add more data I measure in tht futue, for example from: biome / gut test, biological age test, Gene Sequencing.